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Amazon and Global Deforestation rose in 2013

Brazil says Amazon deforestation rose 28% in a year

Brazil Environment minister Izabella Teixeira
Minister Izabella Teixeira says she will tackle the problem with local authorities.

Brazil says the rate of deforestation in the Amazon increased by 28% between August 2012 and last July, after years of decline. The government is working to reverse this "crime", Environment Minister Izabella Teixeira said. Activists have blamed the increase in destruction on a controversial reform to Brazil's forest protection law. Last year Brazil reported the lowest rate of deforestation in the Amazon since monitoring began. The provisional statistics from August 2012 to last July suggest that the area suffering deforestation was 5,843 sq km (2,255 sq miles), compared to 4,571 sq km (1,765 sq miles) in the previous 12 months. The 28% rise interrupts a period of declining deforestation which began in 2009. However, it still remains the second lowest annual figure for forest loss in absolute terms. The worst year on record was 2004, when 27,000 sq km of forest was destroyed. Monthly data from several scientific institutions had suggested the deforestation rate might be on the rise.

Just 227 tree species dominate Amazon - 11,000 endangered tree species

Just 227 tree species dominate Amazon

Researchers were surprised to find that such a small proportion of species dominated the Amazon .
Despite being home to about 16,000 tree species, just 227 "hyperdominant" species account for half of Amazonia's total trees, a study suggests.

An international team of researchers found that the region was, in total, home to an estimated 390 billion trees.

Writing in Science, they added that the rarest 11,000 species made up only 0.12% of tree cover.

However, they added that the new data could help unlock ecological secrets held by the biodiversity hotspot.

The results were based on a survey of 1,170 plots and half-a-million trees across the six-million-square-kilometre area, often described as the lungs of the world.

The authors said that the underlying cause of the hyper dominance of the 227 species, which accounted for 1.4% of the estimated number of species in the region, remained unknown.

"We knew that, normally, a few species dominate ecosystems, but if you have a system that has 16,000 tree species but just 227 make up half of the trees, that was pretty surprising even for us," said lead author Dr Hans ter Steege from the Naturalis Biodiversity Center in the Netherlands.

He told the Science podcast: "We don't really know why these species are so incredibly dominant because they do not have any particular ecological feature that stands out."

Yanomami tribe in Brazilian Amazon going extinct

Miners' attack on Yanomami Amazon tribe 'kills dozens'

 

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The Yanomami have previously complained of attacks by illegal miners
 

An attack by gold miners on a group

of Yanomami tribespeople in Venezuela has left up to 80 people dead, according

to campaign groups.

The attack is reported to have taken place last month in the remote

Irotatheri community, close to the border with Brazil.

The miners allegedly set fire to a communal house, with witnesses reporting

finding burnt bodies.

The Yanomami have previously complained of miners encroaching on their

lands.

Due to the community's remote location, it took those who discovered the

bodies days to walk to the nearest settlement to report the incident, according

to campaign group Survival International.

So far three survivors have been accounted for, according to Yanomami

organisations.

A statement from a network of Yanomami groups called on Venezuelan

authorities to investigate the incident and to co-operate with Brazil to

Brazils Congress approves controversial forest law

 
A\member of Congress protests as the Chamber of Deputies holds a plenary vote on the forest code 25 April 2012
 
Wednesday's vote capped months  

of bitter political argument

 

 

The Brazilian Chamber of Deputies has

approved controversial legislation that eases rules on how much land farmers

must preserve as forest.

Brazil's powerful farmers' lobby argues that the changes will promote

sustainable food production.

But environmentalists say the new forest code will be a disaster and lead to

further destruction of the Amazon.

The bill now goes to President Dilma Rousseff, who may use her veto to remove

some clauses.

Wednesday's 247-184 vote in favour of the new forest code capped a year of

political wrangling.

Brazil's farmers have long pushed for changes, arguing that uncertainty over

the current legislation has undermined investment in the agriculture sector,

which accounts for more than 5% of GDP.

The Awa of Northern Brazil may be the world's most endangered tribe.

About 360 of the lagely monadic tribe have had some contact with the outside world, and about 100 remain uncontacted.

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The Awa are being encroached upon from all sides by loggers, who are clear-cutting and burning the forest that both the Awa and the animals they eat call home. Here, one of the Awa territories is outlined in white, with logging operations throughout the region clearly visible.

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The Awa are hunter-gatherers, and travel in extended family groups of about 30. Families go on gathering expeditions, and extended hunts can last for weeks on end. However, the comparatively small groups are vulnerable to attacks by gunmen hired by loggers and ranchers.

Saving Ecuador's "Lungs of the World" Yasuni National Park.

Race to save Ecuador's 'lungs of the world'

Napo river, Ecuador
 
The Napo River in Ecuador, an Amazon tributary, runs for 1,075km (668 miles).

The Yasuni National Park, known as

"the lungs of the world" and one of the most bio-diverse places on earth, is

under threat from oil drilling. The race is on to find the funds required to

develop new sustainable energy programmes that would leave the oil - and the

forest - untouched.

In the early light of dawn, the Napo River, running swiftly from its

headwaters in the high Andes, swirled powerfully past the bow of our motorised

canoe.

Suddenly, a dense cloud of green parrots swooped down from the canopy of the

jungle and in a cackling din started scooping tiny beakfuls from the exposed

muddy bank.

The heavy mineral rich clay, the birds seem to know, is an antidote to the

toxins present in the seeds of the forest which are a major part of their daily

diets.

As if on cue at 07:30 local time, as the first rays of

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